PRONOUN

Kata yang mengganti kata sudah disebutkan sebelumnya (antecendent).

1.        Personal pronoun

Subject	object	Possessive adjective	Possessive pronoun	Reflexive pronoun
i	me	my	mine	myself
he	him	his	his	himself
she	her	her	hers	herself
It	it	its		itself
they	them	Their	theirs	themselves
we	us	Our	ours	ourselves
you	you	Your	yours	Yourself/yourselves

	Singular	Plural
First person	I	We
Second person	You (anda)	You (kalian)
Third person	He/she/it	They

Bandingkan:

Annie is my best friend. I like her so much. She is very helpful. She always supports me and I always support her. In other words, we support each other. When we have homework, she always helps my homework and I help hers (her homework).

Possessive adjective selalu mengikuti kata benda sedangkan possessive pronoun tidak lagi mengikuti kata benda apabila kata benda tersebut sudah disebutkan sebelumnya

2.    Indefinite Pronoun

Indefinite pronoun terdiri dari dua: he/she (formal) dan they (informal). Pronoun ini mengganti expression di bawah ini:

Everyone           Anyone             Someone           No one

Everybody         Anybody            Somebody          Nobody

Everything         Anything           Something         Somebody

If someone wants to enter the university, he /she should take an entrance test.

If someone wants to enter the university, they should take an entrance test.

Selain expression di atas he/she mengganti subyek tunggal sedangkan they mengganti subyek jamak.

If a student wants to enter the university, he /she should take an entrance test.

If students want to enter the university, they should take an entrance test.

3.        Pronoun It  dan They  digunakan untuk mengganti Collective noun (page 12).

It menunjuk kepada kesatuan badan dari kata benda kolektif.

The organization is really big. It consists of many members.

Subjek the organization di kalimat tersebut merujuk pada badan atau komunitas yang tunggal, sehingga diganti dengan kata ganti IT.

They menunjuk kepada anggota dari kesatuan badan dari kata benda kolektif.

The organization is really good. They help me solve my problem.

Subjek the organization di atas merujuk kepada anggota-anggota organisasi yang jamak bukan lagi kesatuan badan. Akhirnya subjek tersebut diganti dengan kata ganti they.

4.    Impersonal Pronoun

Apabila kita menunjuk kata benda yang general dan formal, one (seseorang) digunakan mengganti kata benda tersebut dan menunjuk kepada khalayak ramai.

One should always be polite to one’s neighbor.

Seseorang sebaiknya bersikap sopan terhadap tetangganya.

Pronoun One sama penggunaaannya dengan kata ganti You (kalian) atau kata benda people (jamak) atau person (tunggal).

You should always be polite to your neighbors.

Anda sebaiknya bersikap sopan terhadap tetangga anda.

People should always be polite to their neighbors.

Orang sebaiknya bersikap sopan terhadap tetangga mereka.

A person should always be polite to his / her neighbors.

Seseorang sebaiknya bersikap sopan terhadap tetangganya.

5.   Reciprocal Pronoun

  Menyatakan mutualisme (satu sama lain).

  Each other

  One another

  The organization requires us to support each other / one another.

6.   Relative Pronoun (see Adjective Clause page 126)

      Who / Whom / Which / That / Whose

It is I (Not Me)

Apabila kata ganti I berada setelah linking verb Be dan akhirnya menjadi complement, maka I tetap menjadi subject bukan object Me. Hal ini sangat jelas apabila setelah I terdapat Adjective clause (see page 129)

It was I who was at the door.

Saya yang berada di depan pintu.

It is I who always buy him a present.

Saya yang selalu membelikannya hadiah.

Namun, dalam conversation yang non formal, me lebih umum digunakan dibandingkan I.

Who is it at the door?

It was me.